Closing out the case studies: pure kalalah under verse 176, then one case that brings all three verses to life at once — and shows just how close “safe” territory sits to the most famous disputed case.
Case E — Kalalah under verse 176: two full sisters and a paternal half-brother
Scenario. A man dies (kalalah), leaving 2 full sisters and 1 paternal half-brother. Net estate Rp 300,000,000.
- Status + evidence: 2 full sisters 2/3 (An-Nisa 176); paternal half-brother ‘ashabah on the residue (An-Nisa 176 + hadith — he is not excluded by the full sisters, who hold a pure fixed share).
- Base 3: full sisters 2 (1 each), residue 1 → paternal half-brother.
- Rupiah: 1 share = 100m.
Base number: 3 Estate: Rp 300,000,000
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Heirs Status Evidence Shares Rupiah
full sister (1) 2/3 (2) An-Nisa 176 1 100,000,000
full sister (2) An-Nisa 176 1 100,000,000
paternal half-brother 'ashabah An-Nisa 176 1 100,000,000
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Total 3 300,000,000 ✓Takeaway. The figure of 2/3 for two sisters is the literal wording of verse 176 — and it is from here that the scholars build the bridge to 2/3 for two daughters (chapter 03). One verse props up another, in both directions.
Case F — Three verses in one household
Scenario. A man dies (kalalah), leaving a wife, a mother, 2 maternal half-siblings, and 1 full brother. Net estate Rp 480,000,000.
- Status + evidence: wife 1/4 (verse 12); mother 1/6 (verse 11 — reduced from 1/3 because there are 2+ siblings); 2 maternal half-siblings 1/3 split equally (verse 12); full brother ‘ashabah (verse 176 + hadith).
- Base 12: wife 3, mother 2, half-siblings 4 (2 each) → 9 used, residue 3 → full brother.
- Rupiah: 1 share = 40m.
Base number: 12 Estate: Rp 480,000,000
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Heirs Status Evidence Shares Rupiah
wife 1/4 An-Nisa 12 3 120,000,000
mother 1/6 An-Nisa 11 2 80,000,000
maternal half-sib (1) 1/3 equal An-Nisa 12 2 80,000,000
maternal half-sib (2) An-Nisa 12 2 80,000,000
full brother 'ashabah An-Nisa 176 3 120,000,000
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Total 12 480,000,000 ✓flowchart TB
classDef a11 fill:#713f12,stroke:#ca8a04,color:#fef9c3
classDef a12 fill:#1e3a8a,stroke:#3b82f6,color:#dbeafe
classDef a176 fill:#134e4a,stroke:#14b8a6,color:#ccfbf1
classDef khilaf fill:#7f1d1d,stroke:#ef4444,color:#fee2e2
A["Verse 11: mother 1/6<br/>(reduced by the siblings)"]:::a11 --> M["Base 12 —<br/>exact, residue 3 to the full brother"]
B["Verse 12: wife 1/4 ·<br/>2 maternal half-siblings 1/3 equal"]:::a12 --> M
C["Verse 176: full brother<br/>'ashabah"]:::a176 --> M
M -.->|"swap the wife for a HUSBAND (1/2):<br/>full furudh, ZERO residue —<br/>al-Mushtarakah is born!"| K["Famous disputed case<br/>(chapter 07 + sister bundles)"]:::khilaf
Takeaway. Three verses work in concert without clashing — and notice the dashed line in the diagram: one small change (wife → husband, 1/4 → 1/2) makes the fixed shares consume the whole estate and leaves the full brother with nothing — that is al-Mushtarakah, the disputed case resolved differently by the Hanbali line and the Shafi’i line. The line between “safe ground” and “disputed ground” can be as thin as one swap of a spouse — good reason a heir-share calculator must know the dispute map (chapter 07), not just the formulas.
Sources: QS. An-Nisa 11, 12, 176; Bukhari no. 6732; Mushtarakah map: IslamQA 496015. Full list in 15-references.