A reference sheet in this track’s own style: every calculation rule you use, and the evidence behind it — to fill in the evidence column of the work table (chapter 06) without reopening the whole bundle.
Fixed shares (furudh)
| Rule | Evidence |
|---|---|
| son : daughter = 2 : 1 | An-Nisa 11 |
| 2+ daughters = 2/3 | An-Nisa 11 (fawqa-thnatayn) + the bridge to verse 176 + the hadith of Sa’d’s two daughters (at-Tirmidhi no. 2092) — chapter 03 |
| 1 daughter = 1/2 | An-Nisa 11 |
| Father & mother 1/6 (there is a child) | An-Nisa 11 |
| Mother 1/3 (no child, fewer than 2 siblings) | An-Nisa 11 |
| Mother → 1/6 due to 2+ siblings | An-Nisa 11 (fa-in kana lahu ikhwah) |
| Husband 1/2 → 1/4 | An-Nisa 12 |
| Wife 1/4 → 1/8 | An-Nisa 12 |
| Maternal half-sibling: 1 = 1/6; 2+ = 1/3 equal split | An-Nisa 12 — chapter 04 |
| Full/paternal half-sister: 1 = 1/2; 2 = 2/3; +male → 2:1 | An-Nisa 176 |
| Grandmother 1/6 | Sunnah (Abu Dawud no. 2894, at-Tirmidhi no. 2101) |
| Granddaughter 1/6 completing 2/3 | Sunnah (Bukhari no. 6736) |
| Paternal half-sister 1/6 completion | Qiyas on the granddaughter’s case (ijma’ amali) |
Structure
| Rule | Evidence |
|---|---|
| Residue to ‘ashabah (nearest male relative) | Bukhari no. 6732, Muslim no. 1615 |
| ’Ashabah bil-ghair (4 female+male pairs, 2:1) | An-Nisa 11 & 176 |
| ’Ashabah ma’al-ghair (sister + daughter) | Bukhari no. 6736 (Ibn Mas’ud’s ruling) |
| Kalalah = no child & no father | An-Nisa 176 (laisa lahu walad) + Companion exegesis |
| Debts and bequests before inheritance; bequest ≤ 1/3, not to an heir | An-Nisa 11–12 (repeated 4 times) + the hadith of Sa’d ibn Abi Waqqas (Bukhari no. 2742) + “la wasiyyata li-warith” (Abu Dawud, at-Tirmidhi) |
| A killer does not inherit | The hadith “laysa lil-qatili min al-mirathi shay’” (Abu Dawud et al.) |
| Difference of religion blocks mutual inheritance | Bukhari no. 6764, Muslim no. 1614 |
| The promises and warnings that guard the inheritance boundaries | An-Nisa 13–14 |
Territory of ijtihad (always flag it!)
| Point | Evidentiary status | Calculation reference |
|---|---|---|
| ’Awl | Ijtihad of Umar and the majority of the Companions (ijma’ amali) | Ibn Uthaymin chapter 07 |
| Radd vs. bayt al-mal | Disputed — al-Anfal 75 vs. faridhatan minallah | ar-Rahabi chapter 07 |
| Grandfather + siblings | Disputed among the Companions — al-Hajj 78 as the argument for “grandfather = father” | al-Fawzan chapter 08 |
| Mushtarakah, al-‘Umariyyatain, dzawil arham | Ijtihad / Companion rulings | Dispute map, chapter 07 |
flowchart LR
classDef ayat fill:#134e4a,stroke:#14b8a6,color:#ccfbf1
classDef sunnah fill:#1e3a8a,stroke:#3b82f6,color:#dbeafe
classDef ijtihad fill:#713f12,stroke:#ca8a04,color:#fef9c3
A["Green = VERSE<br/>(all the fixed-share numbers)"]:::ayat --- B["Blue = SUNNAH<br/>(substitution · 'ashabah · blocking)"]:::sunnah --- C["Yellow = IJTIHAD<br/>(flag it and name the dispute)"]:::ijtihad
Print this three-color map into memory: when filling in the evidence column, if you write something “colored yellow” without flagging it, you are presenting ijtihad as revealed text — the exact mistake the method of Adhwa’ al-Bayan guards against most carefully.
Sources: compiled from chapter 02–07; details in 15-references.