Two warm-up cases with no grandfather chapter: a simple tashih, and the easily-missed “father gets 1/6 + residue.”
Case A — Wife, one son, two daughters
Scenario. The deceased is male; net estate Rp 320,000,000.
- Status: wife 1/8 (there are descendants); the children are ‘ashabah 2:1.
- Base 8: wife 1, residue 7 for heads 2+1+1 = 4 → GCD(7,4)=1 → tashih ×4 → base 32: wife 4, son 14, each daughter 7.
- Rupiah: 1 share = 10m.
Base number: 8 → tashih ×4 = 32 Estate: Rp 320,000,000
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Heirs Status Shares/8 Shares/32 Rupiah
wife 1/8 1 4 40,000,000
son 'ashabah ─ 14 140,000,000
daughter (1) 'ashabah b.g. 7 7 70,000,000
daughter (2) 'ashabah b.g. ─ 7 70,000,000
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Total 8 32 320,000,000 ✓flowchart TB
classDef mayit fill:#7f1d1d,stroke:#ef4444,color:#fee2e2
classDef furud fill:#1e3a8a,stroke:#3b82f6,color:#dbeafe
classDef asabah fill:#134e4a,stroke:#14b8a6,color:#ccfbf1
M["Deceased (male)<br/>Rp 320m"]:::mayit --> S["Wife 1/8<br/>Rp 40m"]:::furud
M --> L["Son 14/32<br/>Rp 140m"]:::asabah
M --> P1["Daughter 7/32<br/>Rp 70m"]:::asabah
M --> P2["Daughter 7/32<br/>Rp 70m"]:::asabah
Takeaway. The son : daughter ratio is always 2 : 1 within the group, and tashih is only about finding the smallest possible multiplier — it never changes anyone’s ratio.
Case B — Father gets “1/6 + residue”
Scenario. The deceased is male, survived by a wife, 1 daughter, a mother, and a father. Net estate Rp 240,000,000.
- Status: wife 1/8; daughter 1/2 (alone); mother 1/6; father 1/6 + residue (the only descendants present are female — chapter 3).
- Base 24: wife 3, daughter 12, mother 4, father 4 → 23 used, 1 left over → falls to the father too → father’s total is 5.
- Rupiah: 1 share = 10m.
Base number: 24 Estate: Rp 240,000,000
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Heirs Status Shares Rupiah
wife 1/8 3 30,000,000
daughter 1/2 12 120,000,000
mother 1/6 4 40,000,000
father 1/6 + residue 4+1 50,000,000
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Total 24 240,000,000 ✓Takeaway. The father’s (and, in his position, the grandfather’s) “1/6 + residue” only comes alive when the deceased’s descendants are all female. Swap the daughter for a son: the father gets a pure 1/6 and the residue goes to the son. Remove all children: the father becomes pure ‘ashabah. One heir, three faces — this is exactly why status is fixed before you start calculating.
Sources: case patterns drawn from the applied-tables chapter of at-Tahqiqat al-Mardhiyyah and al-Mulakhkhash al-Fiqhi (Shamela 11811). Full list in 15-references.