Two full worked cases of the muqasamah system chapter 8 — including al-Akdariyyah. In each case the tarjih version (grandfather = father) is also shown, so the rupiah impact of choosing an opinion is visible.
Case C — Muqasamah beats 1/3
Scenario. The deceased is survived by a grandfather, 1 full brother, and 1 full sister. There are no fixed-share heirs (ashabul furudh) at all. Net estate Rp 500,000,000.
Madhhab version (muqasamah).
- Situation 1 (chapter 8): the grandfather takes whichever is better of muqasamah vs 1/3 of the estate.
- Heads: grandfather 2 + brother 2 + sister 1 = 5 → muqasamah gives the grandfather 2/5 = 40% > 1/3 → muqasamah wins.
- Base = number of heads = 5: grandfather 2, brother 2, sister 1. 1 share = 100m.
Base number: 5 (muqasamah) Estate: Rp 500,000,000
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Heirs Status Shares Rupiah
grandfather muqasamah (2/5) 2 200,000,000
full brother 'ashabah 2 200,000,000
full sister 'ashabah b.g. 1 100,000,000
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Total 5 500,000,000 ✓Tarjih version (grandfather = father): the brother and sister are blocked; the grandfather takes the entire Rp 500m. The gap between the two opinions = Rp 300m changing hands — a concrete example of why one division must stay consistent on one line.
Case D — Al-Akdariyyah
Scenario. A woman dies leaving a husband, a mother, a grandfather, and 1 full sister. Net estate Rp 540,000,000.
Madhhab version (the one and only ‘awl in the grandfather chapter).
- Base 6: husband 1/2 = 3; mother 1/3 = 2 (only one sibling present, so it does not reduce her); grandfather 1/6 = 1; the sister is given a fixed 1/2 = 3 (the Akdariyyah exception) → total 9 → ‘awl 6 → 9.
- Combine the grandfather’s and sister’s shares: 1 + 3 = 4, redivided 2:1 → does not divide evenly by 3 → ×3 → base 27: husband 9, mother 6, grandfather 8/3×… worked directly: grandfather (4×3)×2/3 = 8, sister 4.
- 1 share = 540m ÷ 27 = Rp 20m.
Base: 6 → 'awl 9 → ×3 = 27 Estate: Rp 540,000,000
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Heirs Shares/9 Shares/27 Rupiah
husband 3 9 180,000,000
mother 2 6 120,000,000
grandfather 1 8 160,000,000
full sister 3 4 80,000,000
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Total 9 27 540,000,000 ✓flowchart LR
classDef proses fill:#713f12,stroke:#ca8a04,color:#fef9c3
classDef furud fill:#1e3a8a,stroke:#3b82f6,color:#dbeafe
classDef hasil fill:#3b0764,stroke:#a855f7,color:#f3e8ff
A["Base 6 → 'awl 9<br/>(husband 3 · mother 2 · grandfather 1 · sister 3)"]:::proses --> B["Combine grandfather+sister = 4<br/>redivide 2:1"]:::furud
B --> C["×3 → base 27:<br/>husband 9 · mother 6 · grandfather 8 · sister 4"]:::hasil
Tarjih version: the sister is blocked by the grandfather → husband 1/2, mother 1/3, grandfather 1/6 + residue… base 6: husband 3, mother 2, grandfather 1 — exactly exhausted, no ‘awl: husband Rp 270m, mother Rp 180m, grandfather Rp 90m, sister nothing.
Takeaway. Al-Akdariyyah shows the peak complexity of the muqasamah system (‘awl + pooling + tashih in a single problem) — and it is exactly why muhaqqiq scholars such as al-Fawzan consider the grandfather-as-father system more in line with the simplicity of the text. You can now calculate both; choosing between them is a matter of tarjih, not ability.
Sources: at-Tahqiqat al-Mardhiyyah, chapter on miratsul-jadd ma’al-ikhwah (including al-Akdariyyah); IslamQA 240582. Full list in 15-references.